As a part of its drive to consolidate the USD 1.7 trillion domestic brokerage industry, China has affected the merger of two state-backed ventures to create a sector leader with USD 230 billion in assets.
Shanghai-based Guotai Junan Securities is set to acquire its cross-town rival Haitong Securities via a share swap, the two companies have informed the market. The deal is subject to regulatory and shareholder approval.
The combined entity, with 1.6 trillion yuan (USD 226 billion) in total assets, will overtake Citic Securities as China’s largest brokerage. Trading in shares of Guotai Junan and Haitong was suspended on September 6.
Both Haitong and Guotai Junan are controlled by companies running state assets for the Shanghai government. Under the deal, Guotai Junan will issue new shares to investors in Haitong’s mainland China and Hong Kong listed entities. Guotai Junan will also issue new shares in the onshore market to raise funds for the deal, exchange filings showed.
“This marks the start of an industry-wide consolidation that will see more mergers between major brokerages,” said Huang Yan, fund manager of Shanghai QiuYang Capital, referring to the Guotai Junan-Haitong deal.
“The consolidation focus will be on firms backed by state shareholders, Huatai Securities said in a research note. Beijing has dialled up rhetoric about the need for reform in the brokerage sector, with new directives to encourage mergers and acquisitions and restructuring in an industry in which more than 140 Chinese and foreign players compete,” Reuters reported.
China’s securities regulator said in March 2024 that it aimed to develop about 10 leading institutions by 2029, with two to three internationally competitive investment banks and institutions by 2035. The Xi Jinping administration’s ambition to create large, competitive investment banks comes a few years after a slew of global banks, including Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, took full control of China-based businesses eyeing bigger market share.
There have been announcements about mergers between six pairs of smaller brokerages since end-2023, including, according to official Shanghai Securities News, the merger of Ping An Securities and Founder Securities.
The deal between Guotai Junan Securities and Haitong Securities may fuel market expectations of more mergers including potential deals between CICC and Galaxy Securities, according to Xu Kang, an analyst at Hua Chuang Securities.
“Other possible mergers include a combination of Citic Securities and China Securities,” Xu said.
Shares of Chinese brokerages jumped on September 6 on the merger news. An index tracking China-listed brokerages gained as much as 2.6%, while the CSSW Securities Index rose as much as 2.2%.
Shanghai-listed shares of CICC leapt as much as 8%, while Galaxy Securities rose as much as 10% to a two-month high. In comparison, the blue-chip CSI300 Index fell 0.5% to a seven-month low in the late afternoon trade.
Market volatility, dwindling initial public offerings and other capital market deals in a slowing economy have been weighing on the sector’s earnings, with the performance of the smaller brokerages, in particular, taking a big hit. Haitong suffered from quarters of plunging profits, loss-making international business, and scandals that included a top investment banker at the firm fleeing overseas before being arrested due to suspected job-related crime.
China’s 43 listed brokerages saw their first-half revenue shrink 16%, with net profit slumping more than one-fifth during the same period compared with a year ago, according to a research note from Guolian Securities.
In April 2024, the State Council issued a guideline highlighting the need to strengthen regulation, prevent risks and promote the development of the capital market. It also encouraged leading securities and futures firms to enhance competitiveness through mergers and acquisitions, restructuring, and other means.
“The latest merger could send a positive signal to the market that the supply-side reform in the sector was about to take place due to challenging market cycles and a tightened regulatory landscape,” Morgan Stanley said in a research note, as it continued, “In the near term, we believe the announced deal could revive some investor interest in broker stocks generally, especially those with potential M&A stories.”